Dinamika Kerukunan Kristen Awal: Relasi Yahudi dan Non-Yahudi di Jemaat Roma
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52220/bygk6s57Keywords:
brotherly love; Christian freedom; community ethics; Edict of Claudius; gentile Christians; Jewish Christians; reconciliation; Romans 12-15; Edik Klaudius; etika komunitas; kasih persaudaraan; kebebasan Kristen; Kristen non-Yahudi; Kristen Yahudi; rekonsiliasi; Roma 12-15Abstract
The identity tension between Jewish and Gentile Christians in the Roman church stemmed from the Edict of Claudius (49 AD), which expelled Jews from Rome. When they returned during Nero's reign, friction emerged between those upholding the Torah law and those living in freedom in Christ. Previous studies tend to stop at the historical-descriptive level. This research fills the gap by examining how Paul rhetorically and pastorally processed this context in Romans 12-15, interpreting brotherly love (agape) and Christian freedom (eleutheria) as the foundation of cross-ethnic community ethics. Through a qualitative-exegetical approach integrating historical, rhetorical, and lexical-theological criticism, this study traces Paul's pastoral strategy in building reconciliation between "the strong" and "the weak." The main contribution lies in structurally connecting the con-text of the Edict of Claudius with Pauline reconciliation, demonstrating that Romans is not merely a theological exposition but a pastoral document relevant to today's church in addressing conflicts arising from diverse identities and cultures.
Abstrak
Ketegangan identitas Kristen, Yahudi, dan non-Yahudi di jemaat Roma berakar dari Edik Klaudius (49 M) yang mengusir orang Yahudi dari Roma. Ketika mereka kembali di masa Nero, terjadi gesekan antara mereka yang menjunjung hukum Taurat dan yang hidup dalam kebebasan di Kristus. Kajian sebelumnya cenderung berhenti pada level historis-deskriptif. Penelitian ini mengisi celah dengan mengkaji bagaimana Paulus mengolah konteks tersebut secara retoris-pastoral dalam Roma 12-15, menafsirkan kasih persaudaraan (agape) dan kebebasan Kristen (eleutheria) sebagai dasar etika komunitas lintas etnis. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif-eksegetis yang menyatukan kritik historis, retoris, dan leksikal-teologis, penelitian ini menelusuri strategi pastoral Paulus dalam membangun rekonsiliasi antara "yang kuat" dan "yang lemah." Kontribusi utama adalah usaha untuk mengaitkan konteks Edik Klaudius dengan cara Paulus mendamaikan orang-orang, menunjukkan bahwa Surat Roma bukan hanya penjelasan teologis, tetapi juga dokumen pastoral yang penting bagi gereja saat ini dalam menghadapi berbagai konflik identitas.
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